Exploring Triphala as a Biocompatible Alternative to Chemical Denture Cleansers: Effects on Flexural Strength and Surface Roughness of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) and Flexible Polymers.

PURPOSE: The longevity and functional performance of denture base materials can be significantly influenced by routine hygiene maintenance. Natural alternatives such as Triphala may offer accessible and cost-effective cleansing solutions, especially in settings where commercial denture cleansers are less available. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of Triphala and a commercial cleanser (Clinsodent) on the flexural strength and surface roughness of flexible and conventional polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base materials after prolonged use. STUDY DESIGN: An in vitro comparative experimental study conducted under standardized laboratory conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 denture base specimens (n=30 per group) were fabricated using two materials: flexible nylon-based polymer and heat-cured PMMA. The specimens were divided into four groups based on material type and cleansing agent used. All specimens were subjected to overnight immersion in their respective solutions for 120 consecutive days. Flexural strength was measured using the three-point bending method, while surface roughness was evaluated using a contact profilometer. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (p<0.05). RESULTS: PMMA specimens exhibited significantly higher flexural strength compared to flexible materials (p<0.05). Triphala-treated samples showed reduced surface roughness in both materials compared to those treated with Clinsodent. Group 2 (PMMA + Triphala) demonstrated the highest flexural strength (91.79±0.04 MPa), while Group 3 (flexible + Clinsodent) recorded the lowest (28.52±0.16 MPa). Surface roughness was lowest in Group 2 (0.23±0.02 μm) and highest in Group 3 (1.71±0.03 μm). CONCLUSION: Triphala may be a promising natural alternative to chemical denture cleansers, with favorable effects on surface roughness and acceptable mechanical performance. However, long-term clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings.