Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Barbers on Hygiene and Prevention of Communicable Diseases.

BACKGROUND: Barbers are frequently exposed to potential infection sources due to the use of sharp instruments, posing a risk for transmission of communicable diseases, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Limited awareness and poor hygienic practices among barbers in low- and middle-income countries contribute to the spread of these infections. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of barbers regarding hygiene and communicable diseases in Abbottabad, Pakistan. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2024 among 65 barbers selected through convenience sampling from three areas of Abbottabad-Mandian, Kalapul, and Main Bazar. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and an observational checklist assessing knowledge, preventive practices, and hygiene standards. Descriptive analysis was performed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 27; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). RESULTS: Most barbers (75.4%) were aware that diseases could be transmitted through their work, but only 40% correctly identified specific infections, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. While 58.5% of shops had sterilizers, only 63% of barbers consistently used them. Observational findings also showed 95% used new blades per client, and 94% had antiseptics available. Most barbers (75.4%) were aware that diseases could be transmitted through their work, but only 40% could correctly identify specific infections such as hepatitis and HIV. Dettol chloroxylenol was the most commonly used disinfectant (78.4%), with varying combinations of sterilizers and new blades. Observational findings showed that 95% used new blades per client, 94% had antiseptics available, and 58.5% possessed sterilizers. However, 47% maintained visibly clean environments. CONCLUSION: Barbers in Abbottabad demonstrated partial knowledge regarding communicable diseases, with significant gaps in identifying specific infection risks associated with their profession. Although several basic hygiene practices - such as the use of new razor blades - were commonly observed, sterilization and overall infection-control measures remained inconsistent. Strengthening targeted educational initiatives and promoting standardized hygiene practices are essential to improving safe barbering practices and reducing the risk of disease transmission in this setting.