The Toxic Price of Beauty: Impact of Common Nail and Hair Care Products on Indoor Air Quality and Effectiveness of Air Purification.

INTRODUCTION: Indoor air pollution caused by cosmetic products is an increasing public health concern, particularly for nail and hair salon workers frequently exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter. These substances are associated with respiratory, neurological, and reproductive health risks. METHODS: Experiments were conducted in a sealed 270 ft³ room using a digital air quality monitor to measure the air quality index (AQI), total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), formaldehyde (HCHO), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Nail polish, acetone-based remover, hairspray, and hair dye were individually and jointly tested. Two purification methods were compared: an exhaust fan (80 cubic feet per minute) and an air purifier equipped with HEPA and activated carbon filters (239 cubic feet per minute). RESULTS: All tested products worsened indoor air quality, with hairspray producing the greatest increase in pollutants. Combined product use resulted in an AQI exceeding 200 and PM2.5 above 200 µg/m³. The HEPA + activated carbon air purifier restored air quality to safe levels within one minute, while the exhaust fan produced only modest improvements over 15 minutes. CONCLUSION: Common nail and hair care products significantly degrade indoor air quality. Air purifiers with HEPA and activated carbon filters are highly effective in removing harmful airborne compounds and should be routinely used in salons to protect workers and clients from long-term health risks.