Effect of microenvironment theory-based nursing on prognosis in intensive care unit patients with postoperative severe acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Patients with postoperative severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in the intensive care unit (ICU) face complex challenges arising from physiological and microenvironmental imbalances, psychological stress, and the interaction of multiple environmental factors. Traditional nursing models inadequately address this integrated microenvironment, highlighting the need for microenvironment theory-based nursing interventions to optimize outcomes. AIM: To evaluate the impact of a microenvironment theory-based nursing intervention model on the prognosis of patients with postoperative SAP in the ICU. METHODS: Between January 2022 and December 2024, 106 patients with SAP who were admitted to ICU of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital) were randomly assigned to two groups: (1) A control group (n = 53, routine care); and (2) An observation group (n = 53, routine care plus microenvironment theory-based nursing). Postoperative recovery, psychological distress, disease severity, and complication rates were compared between groups. RESULTS: The observation group had significantly shorter postoperative flatus, defecation, and hospital stay compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (17-item) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (14-item) scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group had a lower Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (P < 0.05) compared with the control group. The postoperative complication rates were 5.66% (3/53) and 18.87% (10/53) in the observation group and control group, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In patients with SAP, the microenvironment theory-based nursing intervention model facilitated postoperative recovery, alleviated depression and anxiety, reduced disease severity, and decreased postoperative complications.