From Noise Reduction to Positive Soundscapes: Enhancing Well-Being in Schools.

Noise in schools is widely recognized as having detrimental effects on cognitive performance, communication, and emotional well-being. However, schools are dynamic and vibrant environments in which sound is not merely an incidental element but a defining aspect of daily experience. This opinion paper advocates for a paradigm shift in school acoustic design from a narrow emphasis on noise control to a holistic soundscape approach that balances the reduction of negative sounds with the enhancement of positive acoustic elements. Sound should be considered a resource that actively supports well-being, engagement, and learning, rather than solely a source of disturbance. Drawing on recent research and user perspectives, several design recommendations are proposed, including the incorporation of restorative natural sounds (e.g., birdsong, rainfall), the implementation of acoustic zoning, the creation of culturally sensitive soundscapes, and the use of sound as a tool for both engagement and restoration. These strategies extend beyond classroom acoustics to address diverse school spaces, including corridors, dining halls, and outdoor areas. By integrating participatory approaches and ongoing evaluation, school environments can be transformed into soundscapes that promote comfort, connection, and resilience for both students and teachers.