Volumetric analysis of maxillary canine and maxillary sinus for age estimation using CBCT scans: A predictive tool in forensic dentistry.

Background: Forensic odontology helps in the identification of individuals in crime investigations. Age estimation is one of several indicators. Besides dentistry (canine), in forensic medicine, the maxillary sinus can be used where the whole body cannot be found. CBCT allows for 3D volumetric analysis, providing a better understanding. Stacks of scanned data can be analyzed, and 3D surface models can be produced using MIMICS software. As the identification of unknown individuals is difficult during mass disasters, an attempt was made to estimate the age by measuring the volume of the maxillary canines and the maxillary sinus. Materials and Methods: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and Materialise Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS 21.0 software). MIMICS software was used to do independent 3D segmentation for the maxillary sinus and maxillary canines using CBCT imaging data. Then the results were tabulated, and statistical analysis was performed using the obtained sample size data. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis and Pearson or Spearman correlation tests were performed. With statistically significant results (P < 0.01), a relatively strong correlation between ratio parameters and chronological age was discovered, demonstrating the regressive nature of their morphological changes with age and a fair association with the ratio parameters. Conclusion: The obtained valid regression formula in this study can serve as a reliable tool for age estimation in forensic dentistry by further validating the formula on a larger sample size.