A literature review on neuron scaffolding for repairing peripheral nerves: Advances, challenges, and future directions.

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) present significant clinical challenges and affect a substantial portion of the population. Current treatments often fall short of desirable outcomes, leading to a diminished quality of life for patients. Advancements in neuron scaffolding materials offer promising solutions to enhance the clinical management of PNIs and address the limitations of traditional treatments. This paper assesses the current state of treatments, examines the anatomy and physiology of peripheral nerves, and discusses the mechanisms of PNIs and their impact on recovery. It also explores the principles of neuron scaffolding and recent advancements in various natural and synthetic biomaterials. This review focuses on collagen, fibrin, chitosan, poly (lactic acid), poly (glycolic acid), and polycaprolactone (PCL), detailing each material's advantages and challenges in neuron scaffolding applications. This review paper focuses on the innovative use of neuron scaffolding in the treatment of PNIs, emphasizing the potential of both natural and synthetic biomaterials to enhance nerve regeneration. The study underlines the promising future of neuron scaffolding while acknowledging the current limitations that need to be addressed for more effective treatment outcomes.