Sequential microwave ablation combined with radioactive iodine-125 seed implantation successfully cured multiple metastases of gallbladder cancer: A case report.

Advanced tumors are associated with treatment dilemmas. High-risk diffuse metastasis results in increased difficulty in treatment. Furthermore, the deterioration of the patient's physical condition gives rise to an inability to tolerate high-intensity systemic treatment. As a palliative treatment for patients with advanced cancer, interventional therapy is characterized by precise targeting and fewer adverse reactions. Nevertheless, its role is frequently overlooked. Therefore, a female patient who only received local palliative treatment with microwave ablation and radioactive iodine-125 seed implantation for multiple metastatic masses of gallbladder cancer is reported. This intervention achieved complete systemic remission, representing a rare instance of durable systemic remission without chemotherapy throughout the disease course, including the metastatic phase. The present study evaluated its immunological basis as an in situ vaccine strategy to benefit chemotherapy-ineligible patients.