Effects of Low-Level Gallium-Aluminum-Arsenide Laser Therapy on Human Dermal Fibroblast Proliferation, ATP, and ROS Levels.

Introduction: Fibroblasts, the primary cells of connective tissue, play a crucial role in the healing process of tissues and organs. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of continuous gallium-aluminum-arsenide (Ga-Al-As) laser at a wavelength of 830 nm and output powers of 10 mW and 27 mW on adenosine triphosphate (ATP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and fibroblast cell proliferation in culture. Methods: Human fibroblast cells were cultured in a 96-well plate and exposed to continuous radiation from a Ga-Al-As laser at 830 nm, utilizing two different output powers of 10 and 27 mW and various energy densities. After 24 hours of laser exposure, fibroblast cell proliferation was assessed using the MTT assay. ROS production was measured with a microplate reader, and ATP levels were quantified. Results: The most significant increase in cell proliferation was observed in the 10 mW group at an energy density of 3.78 J/cm2 (0.79±0.07) compared to the control group (0.51±0.05). In contrast, the 27 mW group at 10 J/cm2 exhibited lower cell proliferation (0.51±0.05) during 90 s. ATP production significantly increased in the 10 mW group at 3.78 J/cm2 (15,404±819), compared to the control group (115±51). Additionally, the groups had no significant difference in ROS levels. Conclusion: The results suggest that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) using a Ga-Al-As laser at 830 nm with an output power of 10 mW for 3.78 J/cm2 significantly affected fibroblast cell proliferation and ATP synthesis.