Digital Health Literacy Among Immigrants in Spain: Implications for Health Equity and Policies.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore the experiences of immigrants in Spain using the internet for health-related purposes, while identifying the barriers, needs, and opportunities within the context of digital health literacy. Methods: 24 individuals with immigrant backgrounds in Spain participated in semi-structured interviews guided by a participatory framework. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Immigrants perceive digital health literacy as a valuable tool for empowering them to take a more active role in managing their health. However, socio-economic and cultural barriers such as language limitations and low levels of education were identified. Key needs included improvements in health platforms, particularly regarding access, content and security. Participants advocate for greater involvement from healthcare providers and strategic stakeholders to better adapt services to immigrant communities. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, offering evidence-based approaches for inclusive strategies to enhance digital health literacy. It also emphasizes the necessity of policies tailored to the specific health needs of immigrant populations, aiming to reduce health inequalities.