GPT is all you need.
Yuwen Zhang
Abstract
Open AccessThe advent of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) models, exemplified by systems like ChatGPT, has begun to reshape how humans think, learn, and interact. This paper explores GPT's role as a cognitive scaffold, supporting structured thinking, conversational agility, emotional regulation, and interdisciplinary learning. Grounded in established psychological frameworks-Cognitive Load Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and Zone of Proximal Development-this work proposes theoretical mechanisms through which GPT may influence cognition, including neuroplasticity, meta-cognition, and implicit learning. While these claims remain speculative, the paper outlines future research pathways for empirically testing GPT's long-term cognitive impacts. It also introduces the concepts of multi-modal GPT and Hybrid AGI, defined as human-AI symbiosis systems that may extend cognition through sensory integration and co-adaptive learning. Limitations such as hallucination, surface-level learning, and cognitive overreliance are critically examined, alongside practical recommendations for educators, users, and developers. By offering a conceptual foundation and forward-looking agenda, this paper aims to catalyze interdisciplinary dialogue on GPT's evolving role in human cognition and learning.