Neuroprotective, eco-friendly iron oxide nanoparticles to alleviate Parkinson's disease symptoms and improve nursing care.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) involves motor impairment and neurochemical changes, necessitating neuroprotective agents to enhance nursing care outcomes. Methods: Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were biosynthesized via green chemistry and characterized by TEM, UV-Vis, photoluminescence, XRD, and VSM. Antioxidant activity used DPPH assay; biocompatibility involved MTT and hemolysis assays. Efficacy was tested in an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD, assessing motor function, antioxidant capacity, and dopaminergic neuron protection. Results: IONPs exhibited spherical morphology (39.0 ± 11.3 nm), zeta potential of -13 mV, and saturation magnetization of 42.32 emu/g. They showed concentration-dependent DPPH scavenging and no significant cytotoxicity or hemolysis up to 10 µg/mL. In vitro, IONPs improved motor performance, boosted antioxidants, and reduced apoptosis in dopamine neurons. Conclusion: Biosynthesized IONPs offer promise as a complementary PD therapy by mitigating motor deficits and neurochemical damage.