A Practical CRISPR-Based Method for Rapid Genome Editing in Caulobacter crescentus.

The RNA-guided Cas enzyme specifically cuts chromosomes and introduces a targeted double-strand break, facilitating multiple kinds of genome editing, including gene deletion, insertion, and replacement. Caulobacter crescentus and its relatives, such as Agrobacterium fabrum and Sinorhizobium meliloti, have been widely studied for industrial, agricultural, and biomedical applications; however, their genetic manipulations are usually characterized as time-consuming and labor-intensive. C. crescentus and its relatives are known to be CRISPR/Cas-recalcitrant organisms due to intrinsic limitations of SpCas9 expression and possible CRISPR escapes. By fusing a reporting gene to the C terminus of SpCas9M and precisely manipulating the expression of SpCas9M, we developed a CRISPR/SpCas9M-reporting system and achieved efficient genome editing in C. crescentus and relatives. Here, we describe a protocol for rapid, marker-less, and convenient gene deletion by using the CRISPR/SpCas9M-reporting system in C. crescentus, as an example. Key features • CRISPR-SpCas9M-reporting system overcomes the limitation of CRISPR escape and achieves a high apparent editing efficiency. • The method enables multiple kinds of genome editing, generating in-frame and marker-less chromosomal modifications. • The method completes a cycle of genome editing within one week. • The method could be readily applied for genome editing in C. crescentus, A. fabrum, and S. meliloti.