Changes and Diagnostic Value of Serum CCL26 and CCR3 in T2DM with Lower Extremity Artery Disease.

Objective: To investigate the serum levels of Chemokine CCL26 (CCL26) and Receptors, CCR3 (CCR3) in patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (T2DM) complicated by lower extremity artery disease (LEAD), and to evaluate their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for T2DM with LEAD. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 197 patients with T2DM between June 2022 and February 2025. Patients were divided into T2DM group (n=157) and LEAD group (n=40). Clinical data and fasting venous blood were collected to measure serum CCL26 and CCR3 levels. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between CCL26 and CCR3. Lasso regression and logistic regression models were employed to identify risk factors for LEAD. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the predictive efficacy of CCL26 and CCR3 for LEAD. Results: The LEAD group had significantly higher BMI, disease duration, HbA1C, FINS, and HOMA-IR compared to the T2DM group (P<0.05). Serum levels of CCL26 and CCR3 were elevated in the LEAD group (P<0.05). A positive correlation was found between CCL26 and CCR3 (r=0.337, P=0.034). Lasso regression identified 12 indicators, including CCL26 and CCR3, as predictors of LEAD. Logistic regression revealed that BMI, disease duration, HbA1C, CCL26, and CCR3 were independent risk factors for LEAD (P<0.05). The combined detection of serum CCL26 and CCR3 had an AUC of 0.812, indicating high predictive value for LEAD in T2DM patients. Conclusion: Serum CCL26 and CCR3 levels are elevated in T2DM patients with LEAD and are closely associated with its occurrence. Combined detection of these biomarkers shows good predictive value for LEAD in T2DM patients.