A Rapid Method Based on Colloidal Selenium Nanoparticle to Detect NT-proBNP Antigen in Serum for Monitoring Acute Heart Failure.

Purpose: Rapid and accurate detection of acute heart failure (AHF) enables effective treatment of HF. This study aimed to to establish a timely test using colloidal selenium for initial screening and risk assessment of HF in primary care settings and at home. Methods: Colloidal selenium was synthesized by reduction of sodium selenite with vitamin C under ambient conditions. In order to improve the stability of colloidal selenium and the coupling efficiency of the antibody, a novel synthetic method to coat polyethylene glycol 20000 (PEG20000) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on colloidal selenium was developed. In order to improve the detection performance of colloidal selenium test strips, the labeling conditions and construction processes were optimized by the controlled variable method, and finally the test strips were successfully prepared. Results: PEG20000 and SDS modified colloidal selenium had a very low detection limit of 250pg/mL, which met the sensitivity criteria for the diagnosis of acute heart failure in the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart failure (2024) that NT-proBNP ≤300 pg/mL can exclude acute heart failure, and ≤125 pg/mL can exclude chronic heart failure. Conclusion: The developed single-step immunochromatographic method utilizing PEG20000 and SDS-modified colloidal selenium demonstrates meaningful potential for the rapid and reliable detection of NT-proBNP in serum samples from clinical patients. The colloidal selenium immunochromatographic technique developed in this study was assessed from the aspect of material synthesis, and the conditions for the application of this test paper were screened to verify the high specificity of the test paper, which met the criteria of the Chinese Heart Failure Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines 2024 for acute heart failure.