The impact of the toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) variation rs5743557 on tuberculosis susceptibility in the Thai population.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern in Thailand and worldwide. Genetic factors, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), play a part in influencing susceptibility to TB. The aim of this study was to investigate the allele and genotype frequencies of the rs5743557 (G>A) polymorphism and its potential impact on TB susceptibility in the Thai population. Methods: A total of 149 leftover peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples were collected and divided into two groups: patients with TB (TB group, n=92) and patients without TB (non-TB group, n=57). TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for genotyping. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between rs5743557 (G>A) and susceptibility to TB. Results: The analysis revealed that the A allele of the rs5743557 variant was relatively prevalent in the study population. Although a trend indicated that individuals carrying the A allele may have a reduced probability of developing TB, the association did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a trend of reduced TB susceptibility in rs5743557 allele A, although it did not reach statistical significance. There is clinical relevance, marking a promising starting point for further research within the Thai population. In addition, this perspective opens avenues for future research efforts in the field. Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/ (TCTR20220506002, registered on May 6, 2022).