Relationship between Hill-Sachs lesions and morphometry of glenoid, acromion and coracoid process.

OBJECTIVE: Hill-Sachs lesions are considered as an a priori risk factor for glenohumeral instability. Determination of glenoid and coracoacromial arch morphometric properties of patients with Hill-Sachs lesions may aid in the diagnosis, identification of optimal treatment strategies and prevention of recurrence. METHODS: Computed tomography (CT) images of individuals between the ages of 20-40 were examined and the morphometric characteristics of the 39 patients with Hill-Sachs lesions and 71 control patients with healthy shoulder structures were compared. Glenoid inclination (GI), acromio-humeral distance (AHD), glenoid height (GH), glenoid superior width (GWs), glenoid inferior width (GWi), glenoid surface (GS), coraco-acromial distance (CAD), coraco-glenoid distance (CGD) and acromio-glenoid distance (AGD) were determined as morphometric features. RESULTS: The average values of the measurements in Hill-Sachs and control groups, respectively, were; glenoid inclination (1.06±6.61°; 4.33±6.20°), acromio-humeral distance (6.66±1.26; 7.67±1.64 mm), glenoid height (33.90±2.34; 35.03±3.29 mm), glenoid superior width (19.89±5.89; 19.83±2.37 mm), glenoid inferior width (24.28±2.53; 26.04±3.06 mm), glenoid surface (647.93±91.26; 721.58±136.86 mm2), coraco-acromial distance (40.24±3.99; 38.10±3.80 mm), coraco-glenoid distance (29.39±3.64; 29.96±4.44 mm) and acromio-glenoid distance (31.44±3.45; 31.64-33.56 mm). Glenoid inclination (p=0.011), acromio-humeral distance (p=0.001), glenoid height (p=0.039), glenoid inferior width (p=0.001), glenoid surface area (p=0.002) and coraco-acromial distance (p=0.008) were significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: The glenoid and coracoacromial arch morphometry showed significant differences in patients with Hill-Sachs lesions. Recognizing these differences can reduce recurrence rates by reducing risk factors in the treatment of glenohumeral instability and providing the closest anatomical integrity to normal.