A scoping review of future research trends and priorities in health systems.

BACKGROUND: Health systems worldwide are increasingly influenced by rapid and complex changes across various domains. Anticipating and responding to these changes is critical to ensuring the sustainability and effectiveness of health systems. Future-oriented research plays a key role in informing policy and planning, especially in the face of emerging global health challenges. This study aimed to identify and synthesize the emerging trends and mega-trends shaping the future of health system research across different contexts and countries. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted in 2024 following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. Systematic searches were performed in three major databases - PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus - up to 8 November 2024. Inclusion criteria focussed on English-language articles that addressed future trends or priorities in health systems research. Data were analysed qualitatively and categorized using the Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political, and Values (Legal) (STEEPV) framework . RESULTS: From 5414 initially retrieved records and after 3 phases of screening, 22 studies met the eligibility criteria. The analysis revealed six major categories influencing future health systems research: sociocultural, technological, economic, environmental, political and values (legal) factors. Sociocultural and economic dimensions were the most frequently cited drivers. Key issues identified included ageing populations, technological innovations (e.g. artificial intelligence (AI), telemedicine), climate change, rising healthcare costs, political decision-making and legal-regulatory frameworks. CONCLUSIONS: The future of health systems research is multifaceted and shaped by intersecting global trends. Understanding these dimensions can guide policymakers and researchers in setting priorities, designing adaptive strategies and enhancing the resilience and responsiveness of health systems. Comprehensive and coordinated planning at the macro level is essential for addressing upcoming challenges and optimizing health outcomes.