Implementation research on the intervention mode of "Comorbidity-Co-causes-Joint-prevention" comprehensive demonstration district of depression and obesity among children and adolescents in Beijing: study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Depression and obesity among adolescents have become major public health problems. They have common biological mechanisms and overlapping risk factors, such as lack of exercise, poor diet, and sleep disorders. Although there are corresponding interventions for these two diseases, there is still a lack of a comprehensive and systematic intervention approach to address their coexistence. The study will integrate existing intervention strategies and develop various intervention measures at individual, family, school, and medical institution levels. The aMOST and SCA framework will be employed to provide personalized and effective treatment for adolescents. Following its implementation, the comprehensive intervention strategy will undergo evaluation using the RE-AIM framework and will be promoted through online public accounts and academic conferences.  METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This research on adolescent depression and obesity will comprise three. First, a comprehensive intervention strategy will be developed based on the aMOST model through screening, optimizing, and refining phases. Second, the intervention will be implemented using the SCA in three steps: cross-sectional study for screening, cluster randomized controlled trial for high-risk students, and clinical referral. Third, the strategy will be evaluated and promoted based on the RE-AIM framework. Quality control will be ensured in both development and implementation phases. Statistical analyses were performed using Excel2016, SPSS, and R for different phases of the study. Count data will be described with percentages and compared using χ2 or Fisher's exact probability test and measurement data was characterized by mean, median, etc., and compared using MMRM, t-tests, or Wilcoxon rank sum tests.  DISCUSSION: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention strategy and examine its implementation within families, schools, and medical institutions. Following this intervention research, the comprehensive intervention program targeting adolescent depression and obesity holds immense potential in China, as it can facilitate and support changes to healthy lifestyle behaviors, thereby reducing the risks of adolescent depression and obesity.  TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT06489990.