Failures of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Implant for Hallux Rigidus and Outcomes of Revision to Arthrodesis: Mid-Term to Long-Term Results.

Hallux rigidus is the most common arthritic condition of the foot, typically treated with arthrodesis. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel hemiarthroplasty implant, commonly known as the brand name Cartiva, has been a mainstream alternative treatment. F…

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