Nonlinear association between the immunonutritional index hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets score and hyperuricemia: A cross-sectional study involving 12,598 adults.

BackgroundThe prevalence of hyperuricemia is increasing, posing a significant health concern, particularly in China, where it affects 13.3% of the population. Traditional nutritional perspectives do not fully explain hyperuricemia, and the relationship between immune status and hyperuricemia remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between the immunonutritional index-hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets (HALP) score-and hyperuricemia.MethodsIn this retrospective cross-sectional study, clinical data from 12,598 adults at Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine were analyzed using SPSS and R.ResultsAmong the total participants, 3422 had hyperuricemia. Significant differences in immune-related indices were observed, with the HALP score showing a higher area under the curve (0.675, 95% confidence interval: 0.665-0.686) than traditional markers. HALP was significantly and nonlinearly associated with hyperuricemia risk, with an inflection point of 53.85. Below this threshold, each unit increase in HALP was associated with a 1.9% increase in risk (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis cross-sectional study identified a nonlinear association between the HALP score and the prevalence of hyperuricemia. These findings suggest that HALP serves as a novel and easily accessible indicator of hyperuricemia, potentially offering insights into its immunometabolic mechanisms for future research. However, further large-scale prospective studies are necessary to confirm this association.