Canadian journal of microbiology
Mass mortalities caused by different genotypes of HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in colony breeding Black-headed Gulls and Sandwich Terns in Denmark 2022 and 2023.
Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager, Yuan Liang, Casper Thorup, Lars Erik Larsen, Tim Kåre Jensen, Solvej Breum, Thomas Bregnballe
Published: 202610.1139/cjm-2025-0182
Abstract
Unprecedented seabird mass mortality events (MMEs) were reported in multiple European countries in 2022 and 2023. These events were attributed to Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). In Denmark, populations of Sand…
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