Profiles, needs and satisfaction with healthcare among women with psychoactive substance use disorder in France: the Calliope mixed-methods study protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Despite having more medical and social vulnerabilities than men with substance use disorder (SUD), women with SUD are underrepresented in addiction healthcare structures. This is because they experience double stigma-from society (including the medical community) and from themselves-which hinders them from accessing healthcare. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Using a mixed-methods approach, the main objective of the Calliope study is to explore and compare healthcare satisfaction among women with SUD according to the category of healthcare structure they attend: specialised addiction centres versus primary care centres called 'microstructures'. A total of 240 women receiving care for SUD will be included in the study, with equal representation from specialised addiction centres and 'microstructures'. All participants will complete a standardised questionnaire to collect quantitative data. Additionally, a subsample of 40 women will be selected to participate in in-depth, semistructured interviews to gather qualitative data. Additionally, focus groups will be conducted with healthcare professionals to explore their perspectives and practices. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Calliope was reviewed and approved by the institutional ethics committee of Paris Cité University (IRB: 00012024-02). The study's findings will provide a greater understanding of the characteristics, needs and satisfaction with healthcare of women with SUD living in France. Moreover, they will help guide the development of tailored therapeutic interventions for this population.