Expression of Ion Transporter Genes in Gills and Intestine of Male and Female Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Three-Spined Sticklebacks during Freshwater Adaptation.

In euryhaline fish species, including the three-spined stickleback, a key physiological response to freshwater adaptation aimed at maintaining osmotic homeostasis is enhancement of ion uptake from the environment and reduction of ion loss. Hormone pr…

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