Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma: a case report.

Introduction and importance: This article presents a case study to explore the etiology, pathology, radiological features, treatment, and prognosis of acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma (ACD-RCC). Case presentation: An elderly male patient with a 13-year history of regular dialysis due to renal failure was admitted to the hospital presenting with hematuria lasting for 2 weeks. Following surgery, a tumor was identified within the renal parenchyma, and pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of ACD-RCC. Clinical Discussion: ACD-RCC is relatively rare and characterized by distinctive clinical and pathological manifestations. This condition typically occurs in patients with prolonged dialysis history. Microscopic examination commonly reveals characteristic calcium oxalate crystals, and immunohistochemical analyses typically demonstrate the expression of specific markers such as P504S and CD10. Conclusion: ACD-RCC is an extremely rare kidney tumor seen mainly in patients with end-stage renal disease. Regular imaging monitoring is crucial for long-term dialysis patients, particularly those who are young and minimally symptomatic. Upon detecting a lesion, a prompt pathological examination should be conducted to determine the lesion's nature, followed by early intervention to improve prognosis and life quality.