Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
Indoxyl sulfate: clinical implications for anemia management in chronic kidney disease.
Manoch Rattanasompattikul, Thatsaphan Srithongkul, Ekamol Tantisattamo, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Kajohnsak Noppakun
Published: 202510.1097/MNH.0000000000001145
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines the role of indoxyl sulfate, a gut-derived uremic toxin, in the development of anemia in chronic kidney disease. It dissects the cellular and biochemical mechanisms through which indoxyl sulfate suppresses eryt…
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