Experiences of double-duty caregivers: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In an aging society, there is an increasing demand for both formal and informal care. This particularly impacts health care professionals who privately care for an ill relative (double-duty caregivers). This study aims to investigate the state of scientific knowledge on their lived experiences. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Scoping review. RESULTS: Overall, 2,483 articles were screened, of which 36 articles were eventually included. The studies were conducted in various, mostly Western, countries. Double-duty caregivers lived experiences were found to fall across different themes. Because of their professional knowledge, they themselves and others expect them to be involved in the care for ill relatives. Double-duty caregivers experience mental and emotional consequences. At work, they experience presenteeism and make errors. According to literature, double-duty caregivers need a supportive work environment, like an understanding manager and supporting colleagues. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Several responsibilities of double-duty caregivers overlap with those of informal caregivers in general, while others differ. Given their professional knowledge, double-duty caregivers are likely to more frequently monitor and advise for their ill family members. Support at work should be a shared responsibility between employer and employee. Solutions may also emerge from the network of the ill relative and the double-duty caregiver and the health care organization involved in providing care to the ill relative. Double-duty caregivers, employers, and the care organization involved with the ill relative must be aware of the increasing burden on double-duty caregivers and implement measures to support them.