Thermal decomposition behavior and sustainable recycling of flexible perovskite solar modules.

The environmental implications of all photovoltaic (PV) technologies should be rigorously assessed throughout their entire lifecycle. Perovskite PVs have emerged as a transformative innovation, challenging the dominance of conventional silicon PVs, with numerous companies now commercializing this promising technology. While efforts to enhance the efficiency and longevity of perovskite PVs are crucial, it is equally important to develop sustainable and cost-effective methods for disposing of waste perovskite solar panels, especially given their significant content of water-soluble lead ions. In this study, we explore the feasibility of employing incineration to process degraded flexible perovskite solar modules. We analyze the decomposition byproducts and their potential environmental impacts. By implementing careful management of hazardous decomposition products, we demonstrate that incineration can serve as a sustainable and economical solution for the disposal of waste perovskite solar modules, offering valuable insights for the future handling of these materials.