Prevalence, risk factors, and awareness of sciatica symptoms and treatment approaches among adults in the Jazan region.

Sciatica represents a significant neurological disorder affecting global health systems. This study assessed the prevalence, risk factors, awareness of symptoms and treatment approaches for sciatica in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 927 adults in the Jazan Region using a validated questionnaire distributed through digital platforms. The questionnaire assessed demographics, medical history, risk factors, and knowledge of sciatica symptoms and treatment. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and chi-square tests using R software. The study revealed a sciatica prevalence of 9.9%, with significant associations observed with arthritis, obesity, and family history. Knowledge assessment showed that most participants demonstrated poor understanding of sciatica's causes and treatments. Arthritis emerged as the strongest risk factor, with 33.3% prevalence among affected individuals. While 83% recognized the superiority of evidence-based treatments over traditional approaches, only 31.1% correctly identified herniated discs as a primary cause. Significant knowledge disparities were observed across demographic groups, with higher awareness among females, younger adults, and those with chronic conditions (all p < 0.05). The findings highlight substantial knowledge gaps regarding sciatica in the Jazan Region, despite its considerable prevalence. The study underscores the need for targeted educational initiatives, particularly focusing on high-risk groups and preventive strategies. Integration of sciatica awareness programs into primary healthcare services, alongside workplace wellness initiatives, could significantly improve public health outcomes and reduce disease burden.