Comprehensive evaluation of medical quality and analysis of obstacle factors in specialized neurological hospitals based on a multi-dimensional evaluation model: a case study of China's National Regional Medical Center for Neurological Diseases.

The present study establishes a comprehensive evaluation system for assessing medical quality in specialized neurological hospitals, developed based on the performance indicators of national tertiary public hospitals. The system comprises 5 dimensions and 14 sub-indicators, carefully selected through rigorous consideration of three key factors: policy compliance, professional suitability, and targeted management needs.To ensure robust evaluation, we employed a combined methodological approach utilizing both entropy-weighted TOPSIS and RSR methods, with cross-validation of results demonstrating strong consistency between the two techniques. The analysis revealed Ci values ranging from 0.405 to 0.653 and RSR values spanning 0.486 to 0.793, with 2023 emerging as the highest-performing year and 2020 ranking lowest in terms of overall medical quality.Through obstacle degree analysis, we identified critical limiting factors affecting hospital performance. While obstacles related to medical service volume showed a welcome decline, we observed concerning increases in operational efficiency barriers. Notably, indicators within the medical safety dimension consistently ranked as the most significant obstacles throughout the study period.The longitudinal analysis from 2019 to 2023 demonstrates progressive improvement in the hospital's overall medical quality, particularly in addressing service volume challenges. However, the upward trends in social evaluation and operational efficiency obstacles, coupled with persistent medical safety concerns, highlight areas requiring ongoing management attention and targeted intervention strategies.