Nanoliposome loaded with 5-fluorouracil and Dorema aucheri extract reduces tumor growth in a mouse model of colorectal cancer.

The rising incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the limited success of conventional therapies have spurred efforts to identify promising new drugs with fewer side effects. Dorema aucheri (DA) has shown potential as An Anti-cancer agent. Additionally, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapy drug widely used for CRC. This study aims to investigate the effect of Liposome-encapsulated 5-FU and DA on tumor growth in a mouse model. The lipid thin-film hydration method was used to create the liposomes, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to evaluate their characteristics. Using an MTT experiment, the impact on cell growth was assessed. BALB/c mice were implanted with CT26 mouse tumor cells. Tumor growth was monitored by measuring tumor size. Real-time PCR was used to look at the levels of expression of VEGF, VEGF-R2, VE-Cadherin, VEGF-C, and β-actin genes in tumor tissue. The nanoparticles that were developed exhibited a spherical shape, uniform size, And An average diameter of 146 ± 4.6 nanometers. HPLC Analysis demonstrated that approximately 80% of the compound was successfully encapsulated within the nanoliposomes. The MTT assay results showed that the nanoliposome-encapsulated 5FU + DA (NLP + 5FU + DA) formulation resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in cell proliferation. The group treated with NLP + 5FU + DA exhibited the slowest tumor volume growth and the highest weight gain. Furthermore, the expression levels of VEGF, VEGF-R2, VE-Cadherin, and VEGF-C genes in the tumor microenvironment Comparing the NLP + 5FU + DA group to the control group revealed a substantial decrease. The combination of nanoliposomes loaded with 5-FU and DA can reduce the growth rate of colorectal tumors in mice. It can also reduce the expression of VEGF, VEGF-R2, VE-Cadherin, and VEGF-C genes.