Microbial Metabolites: An Underexploited Arsenal to Combat Antibiotic Resistance Dissemination.

The relentless global proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) poses a profound threat to public health and ecological stability. Unlike static chemical pollutants, ARGs propagate through horizontal gene transfer (HGT)a dynamic biological process that facilitates the cross-taxa dissemination of resistance determinants among environmental, commensal, and pathogenic microbes. This ecological amplification of resistance undermines both clinical therapies and environmental resilience, rendering the understanding and control of ARG dissemination a critical challenge in the fight against antibiotic resistance.