World neurosurgeryHumansHistory20th Century21st CenturyNeurosurgical Procedures
The Evolution of Spatial Computing in Spine Surgery: Tracing the Historical Arc to Present Day Implementation.
Galal A Elsayed, Gabrielle Dykhouse, Chibuikem A Ikwuegbuenyi, Noah Willett, Ibrahim Hussain, Mousa Hamad, Osama Nezar Kashlan, Roger Härtl
Published: 202510.1016/j.wneu.2025.124514
Abstract
The evolution of spatial computing in spine surgery represents a significant advancement in surgical precision, patient care, and education. From the early days of stereotactic frames and rudimentary imaging techniques to the sophisticated integratio…
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