Enhanced defluoridation using covalently bonded organosilicon-bimetallic composite coagulants: Al-Mg and Al-Fe driven divergence in hydrolysis speciation and active site substitution pathways.

Fluoride-containing wastewater posed significant risks to both ecological and human health, with the advanced removal of low-level fluoride (≤ 20 mg/L) remaining particularly challenging. In this study, covalently bonded organosilicon-bimetallic comp…

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