miR-196a-5p suppresses the MAPK/ERK pathway by targeting HOXA7 to regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of placental trophoblasts in gestational diabetes.

INTRODUCTION: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) disrupts placental trophoblast function through hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis and impaired proliferation. Non-coding RNAs, particularly miR-196a-5p, are implicated in GDM pathogenesis, but their mec…

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