NeuroImageTranscranial Magnetic StimulationHumansElectroencephalographyBrainEvoked Potentials
The golden age of online readout: EEG-informed TMS from manual probing to closed-loop neuromodulation.
Giuseppe Varone, Mana Biabani, Sara Tremblay, Joshua C Brown, Elisa Kallioniemi, Nigel C Rogasch
Published: 202510.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121543
Abstract
The integration of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electroencephalography (EEG) has markedly enhanced our ability to probe cortical excitability and monitor the brain's electrophysiological responses to external perturbations. In recent…
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