Left renal vein transposition as a treatment of refractory hypertension in nutcracker syndrome.

Nutcracker syndrome is a rare condition that describes compression of the left renal vein in between the proximal superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta. Nutcracker syndrome is diagnosed by combining the typical anamnesis with ultrasound findings, demonstrating left renal vein compression. Hypertension, although rare, can be a serious feature of nutcracker syndrome. There has been a long-standing controversy surrounding possible treatment options for nutcracker syndrome. This case report describes a rare case of refractory hypertension that was treated successfully by left renal vein transposition.