The Journal of hand surgeryHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicProspective StudiesResearch Design
Ten Reasons Why Prospective Randomized Studies in Surgery Are Flawed and Fundamentally Different From Drug Trials.
Alexander Y Shin, Francisco de Pinal
Published: 202610.1016/j.jhsa.2025.09.009
Abstract
Prospective randomized controlled trials are widely regarded as the gold standard for evaluating therapeutic interventions. Although this model is appropriate for drug development, its application in surgical research has proven challenging and, in m…
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