CytokineHumansMaleSchizophreniaVascular Endothelial Growth Factor ANeuregulin-1
Decreased serum VEGF, NRG1, and Neuropilin-1 levels in male patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia: implications for VEGF as a protective factor.
Lingshu Luan, Liuyang Lu, Li Xu, Wanming Chen, Qing Tian, Xiaobin Zhang, Haidong Yang
Published: 202510.1016/j.cyto.2025.157056
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Neuregulin-1 (NRG1), and Neuropilin-1 are important neurotrophic factors involved in neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotection processes implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiolo…
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