Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract mitigates alcohol withdrawal-induced anxiety and oxidative stress in mice.

Background: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) happens following a sudden interruption of chronic alcohol intake. AWS is a severe condition, often leading to anxiety and seizures. Current treatments against AWS do not target all the features of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous extract on AWS in mice. Methods: Thirty-five male mice were grouped into seven sets of 5 animals. Each set (except the sham control) received alcohol (5 %) as drinking water and, in addition, alcohol at increasing concentrations (5 %-35 %, 0.4 g/kg to 2.8 g/kg) once every 24 h for 28 days. After alcohol weaning on day 29, anxiety was evaluated (days 29-31). Following behavioural recording, animals were euthanised. Brain and liver homogenates were used for biochemical evaluation of oxidative stress parameters. Alanine aminotransferase and Aspartate aminotransferase were assessed in the serum. Results: Alcohol withdrawal led to a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in open arm activities in the elevated plus maze. Hibiscus sabdariffa administration reversed the ethanol effect and increased open arms stay and exploration. Hibiscus sabdariffa also significantly (P < 0.05) increased center exploration of the open field, which was reduced by alcohol withdrawal. A treatment with Hibiscus sabdariffa significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the increase of brain and liver oxidation induced by alcohol withdrawal. Serum Alanine aminotransferase level was also significantly (P < 0.001) decreased by Hibiscus sabdariffa extract. Conclusion: This study's results justify the traditional utilisation of the drinks prepared from Hibiscus sabdariffa cayxes in treating patients suffering from AWS.