Associations between dietary and lifestyle insulinemic indices and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults undergoing abdominal surgery.

Purpose: The present study investigated the association of insulinemic indices including dietary (DIH) and lifestyle (LIH) insulinemic indices for hyperinsulinemia, as well as dietary (DIR) and lifestyle (LIR) insulinemic indices for insulin resistance with cardiometabolic factors, including the waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglycerides, total cholesterol(TC), and insulin level. Methods: A total of 176 individuals, aged 18 to 84, took part in this cross-sectional study. The food frequency questionnaire was used to record individuals' dietary intake data and calculate insulinemic indices. Associations between these indices and cardiometabolic factors were evaluated using linear regression, and results were presented as unstandardized β values with 95% confidence intervals. Results: In the final adjusted model, participants with a body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2 exhibited a positive association between the LIH and LIR scores and the FBS levels. Among participants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, positive associations were observed between LIH and LIR scores with WC and HC. Additionally, a direct association was found between the scores of DIR and FBS levels. Among all participants, there were positive associations between LIH and LIR scores with levels of SBP, DBP, WC, HC, and insulin. Conclusions: Greater adherence to a diet and lifestyle characterized by higher DIR, LIH, and LIR scores was positively associated with elevated levels of cardiometabolic factors, including SBP, DBP, WC, HC, and insulin. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01759-6.