Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic and open buccal mucosa graft ureteroplasty for complex ureteral strictures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Buccal mucosa graft (BMG) ureteroplasty has emerged as a versatile technique for managing long-segment or complex ureteral strictures. However, the optimal surgical approach-Robotic-Assisted (RAS), Laparoscopic, or Open surgery-remains debated. We ai…

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