MPP+ disorders Irg1-Itaconate axis to promote M1 polarization of microglia by activating succinate dehydrogenase.

BACKGROUND: The microglial (MG) M1/M2 phenotypic switch plays a crucial role in the neuroinflammation of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, the BV2 microglial cell line was trea…

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