Subclinical papillary tip calcifications in stone-naïve kidneys: micro-ct quantification, osteopontin expression, and associations with urinary and clinical risk factors.

Subepithelial papillary calcifications, encompassing both Randall's plaques (interstitial) and Randall's plugs(intraluminal), are established niduses for stone formation, yet their distribution and determinants in stone-naïve individuals remain poorl…

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