Knowledge and Practice in the Assessment of Frequent Landscape Diseases in Cattle Populations Along the Madhumati River, Gopalganj, Bangladesh.

BACKGROUND: Cattle have been domesticated by humans for thousands of years for various purposes, including their economic significance. Despite advancements in livestock farming technologies, challenges such as disease outbreaks continue to affect productivity and economic stability. OBJECTIVES: The aim is to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with various diseases in cattle around the Madhumati River in Gopalganj, Bangladesh. The study also offers insights into the current disease landscape, focusing on animal health status, farmer knowledge and treatment and prevention strategies in Gopalganj. METHOD: A standardized closed-ended questionnaire was administered using KoboToolBox (2021.2.4) for data collection. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, χ2 test, and multivariate logistic regression models with 95% confidence intervals. R (4.4.0) and SPSS (27.0.1) were utilized to explore associations between variables influencing disease prevalence. RESULT: The findings of the study indicate that Foot and Mouth Disease (17.39%) and Lumpy Skin Disease (13.04%) were the most prevalent diseases. A linear model (95% CI) predicted that poor husbandry practices, lack of knowledge, and inadequate treatment strategies contributed to disease occurrence in different regions of Gobra, Gopalganj. CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional study investigated the major prevalence rate and causes of diseases in the Gobra region of Gopalganj, identifying FMD and LSD as significant diseases in cattle farming. From the study, we can suggest some strategies to mitigate disease prevalence, including seasonal preventive measures, routine vaccination, deworming protocols, and stringent sanitation practices.