Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)Pentacyclic TriterpenesBetulinic AcidMacrophagesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3 betaNF-kappa B
Betulinic Acid Self-Assembled Nanodelivery System Attenuates Osteoarthritis by Dually Modulating Macrophage Polarization and Macrophage-Chondrocyte Crosstalk via Disruption of the GSK3β/NF-κB/CCL20 Axis.
Qinwen Liu, Yupeng Chen, Xiaoyan Zhuang, Jingxin Liu, Haojie Chen, Zhenyi Shi, Xiang Li, Yiwen Li, Qian Luo, Hangtian Wu, Yanpeng Lin, Wanling He, Ruojing Yu, Yi Li, Xiaohong Gong
Published: 202510.1002/smll.202509306
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by M1 macrophage-driven synovitis, worsening progression. In this study, it is found that betulinic acid (BA), a natural compound, inhibits M1 macrophage characteristics while promotin…
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