Preparation of Hierarchically Structured Perlite NPs/Metformin-Co (II) System to Catalyze the Green Synthesis of Pyrazolopyranopyrimidines.

This study presents an innovative heterogeneous nanocatalytic system designed through a multistep synthetic approach involving the surface functionalization of perlite nanoparticles (Perlite NPs/Met-Co(II)). Comprehensive characterization using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis, and brunauer-emmett-teller (BET) analyses confirms the successful formation of a hierarchically structured catalyst. The catalyst enables efficient one-pot multicomponent synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidines in water (100 °C, 5 mg loading), yielding 87-95% in 30-60 min. The presented method adhering to green principles and also recyclability (6 cycles) and synergistic performance provides an atom-economic platform for sustainable heterocycle synthesis.