Irisin, the Myokine: Guardian and Mediator in Cardiovascular System.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases pose a significant challenge to global health, and the role of exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention has attracted considerable attention. Irisin, a myokine released during exercise, exhibits excellent potential in regulating metabolism. Its potential intervention value in metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases has been preliminarily confirmed by correlational studies and animal experiments. OBJECTIVE: To reveal the unique role of Irisin in the cardiovascular field and clarify its regulatory mechanisms and clinical application prospects in cardiovascular health. METHODS: By comprehensively reviewing existing studies, this paper systematically summarizes the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of Irisin in various cardiovascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure) and cerebrovascular diseases (including ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and post-stroke depression), and further explores its association with perivascular adipose tissue. RESULTS/CONTENT: Irisin demonstrates multi-dimensional therapeutic potential in the aforementioned cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Its mechanisms of action involve multiple aspects such as metabolic regulation, inflammation inhibition, and tissue repair. Additionally, it has a close mutual regulatory relationship with perivascular adipose tissue, collectively forming a complex regulatory network for cardiovascular health. CONCLUSION: This review provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Irisin in cardiovascular diseases, not only opening up new research and application directions but also further highlighting the unique significance of exercise and Irisin in maintaining cardiovascular health.